Mamiriro mazhinji anogona kutungamira kukundikana kamwe kamwe uye kusingatarisirwi kweiyo boiler's pressure ngarava, kazhinji inoda kubviswa zvachose uye kutsiva bhailer.Aya mamiriro anogona kudzivirirwa kana nzira dzekudzivirira uye masisitimu aripo uye akateedzerwa zvakanyanya.Zvisinei, izvi hazvisi nguva dzose.
Kutadza kwese bhaira kuri kukurukurwa pano kunosanganisira kutadza kwemudziyo wekumanikidza / bhoyiri yekupisa yekupisa (aya mazwi anowanzo shandiswa zvakasiyana) kungave nekuda kwekuora kwemudziyo wemidziyo kana kutadza kwemuchina nekuda kwekushushikana kwekupisa kunokonzera kutsemuka kana kupatsanurwa kwezvikamu.Kazhinji hapana zviratidzo zvinoonekwa panguva yekushanda kwakajairika.Kukundikana kunogona kutora makore, kana kunogona kuitika nekukurumidza nekuda kwekuchinja kamwe kamwe mumamiriro ezvinhu.Kugara uchitarisa kuchengetedza ndiyo kiyi yekudzivirira kushamisika kusingafadzi.Kukundikana kwekupisa kupisa kazhinji kunoda kutsiva iyo yese unit, asi kune madiki uye matsva boilers, kugadzirisa kana kutsiviwa kweiyo chete yekumanikidza mudziyo ingave ine musoro sarudzo.
1. Kuora kwakanyanya padivi remvura: Hunhu husina kunaka hwemvura yekudyisa yepakutanga huchaita kuti kuve nekuora, asi kutonga kusina kunaka uye kugadziriswa kwemishonga yemakemikari kunogona kutungamirira kukusagadzikana kwepH kwakakomba kunogona kukurumidza kukuvadza bhailer.Iyo yekumanikidza mudziyo wemidziyo ichanyungudika uye kukuvara kuchave kwakakura - kugadzirisa kazhinji hazvigoneke.Nyanzvi yehutano hwemvura / kemikari yekurapa inonzwisisa mamiriro emvura emunharaunda uye inogona kubatsira nematanho ekudzivirira inofanira kubvunzurudzwa.Ivo vanofanirwa kufunga nezve akawanda nuances, sezvo magadzirirwo emhando dzakasiyana dzekupisa anoraira akasiyana kemikari emvura.Traditional cast iron uye dema simbi midziyo inoda zvakasiyana kubata pane mhangura, Stainless simbi kana aluminium heat exchangers.High capacity fire tube boilers inobatwa zvakati siyanei pane madiki emvura chubhu boilers.Steam boilers kazhinji inoda kutariswa kwakakosha nekuda kwekushisa kwepamusoro uye kudiwa kukuru kwemvura yekugadzira.Vagadziri vemaboiler vanofanirwa kupa rondedzero inodonongodza maparamendi emhando yemvura anodiwa pachigadzirwa chavo, kusanganisira kucheneswa kunogamuchirwa uye mishonga yekurapa.Ruzivo urwu dzimwe nguva runonetsa kuwana, asi sezvo kunaka kwemvura kunogamuchirwa nguva dzose iri nyaya yekuvimbisa, vagadziri nevagadziri vanofanirwa kukumbira ruzivo urwu vasati vaisa odha yekutenga.Mainjiniya anofanirwa kutarisa maratidziro ezvimwe zvese zvikamu zvehurongwa, zvinosanganisira pombi nemavharuvhu zvisimbiso, kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti zvinowirirana nemakemikari anotsanangurwa.Pasi pekutariswa kwetekinoroji, sisitimu inofanirwa kucheneswa, kupeperetswa uye kupfuudzwa pamberi pekupedzisira kuzadzwa kwehurongwa.Mvura yekuzadza inofanirwa kuyedzwa uye yobva yabatwa kuti isangane neiyo boiler yakatarwa.Masefa nemasefa zvinofanirwa kubviswa, zviongororwe uye kunyorwa zuva rekuchenesa.Panofanira kunge paine chirongwa chekutarisa nekugadzirisa chiripo, chine vashandi vekuchengetedza vakadzidziswa maitiro akakodzera uye vozotariswa nevanoongorora maitiro kusvika vagutsikana nemhedzisiro.Zvinokurudzirwa kuhaya kemikari yekugadzirisa nyanzvi yekuenderera mberi kwekuongorora kwemvura uye maitiro ekuita.
Maboilers akagadzirirwa masisitimu akavharwa uye, kana akabatwa zvakanaka, mutengo wekutanga unogona kutora zvachose.Nekudaro, mvura isingaonekwe uye inodonha yemupfunga inogona kukonzera mvura isina kucheneswa kuti irambe ichipinda masisitimu akavharwa, kubvumira okisijeni yakanyungudika nemaminerari kupinda muhurongwa, uye kunyungudutsa makemikari ekurapa, zvichiita kuti asashande.Kuisa mamita emvura mumitsara yekuzadza yeakamanikidzwa masevhisi kana matsime masisitimu boilers inzira yakapusa yekuona kunyange kudonha kudiki.Imwe sarudzo ndeyekuisa makemikari / glycol ekugovera matangi uko iyo boiler inozadza yakaparadzaniswa kubva kune inonwiwa mvura system.Maseta ese ari maviri anogona kutariswa nevashandi vesevhisi kana kubatana neBAS yekuona otomatiki yekudonha kwemvura.Kuongorora nguva nenguva kwemvura kunofanirwawo kuona matambudziko uye kupa ruzivo runodiwa kugadzirisa makemikari mazinga.
2. Kushatisa kwakanyanya/calcification padivi remvura: Kugara kuchiiswa kwemvura yakachena yekugadzira nekuda kwemvura kana kuputika kweutsi kunogona kukurumidza kutungamirira kukugadzirwa kwechikamu chakaoma chechikero padivi remvura zvinopisa zvinopisa, izvo zvinozoita kuti simbi ye insulating layer kuti iwedzere kupisa, zvichikonzera kutsemuka pasi pemagetsi.Mamwe masosi emvura anogona kunge aine zvicherwa zvakanyungudutswa zvakakwana zvekuti kunyangwe kuzadzwa kwekutanga kweakawanda system kunogona kukonzera mineral buildup uye kutadza kwenzvimbo inopisa inopisa.Pamusoro pezvo, kutadza kuchenesa nemazvo uye kuchenesa masisitimu matsva uye aripo, uye kutadza kusefa zvakaomesesa kubva mumvura inozadza kunogona kukonzera kusvibisa coil uye kusvibisa.Kazhinji (asi kwete nguva dzose) mamiriro ezvinhu aya anoita kuti bhailer ive neruzha panguva yekushanda kwekupisa, kunyevera vashandi vekugadzirisa dambudziko.Nhau dzakanaka ndedzekuti kana calcification yemukati ikaonekwa nekukasira, chirongwa chekuchenesa chinogona kuitwa kudzoreredza kupisa kunopisa kusvika padyo nemamiriro matsva.Ese mapoinzi ari mupfundo rakapfuura pamusoro pekuita nyanzvi dzemhando yemvura pakutanga zvakadzivirira nemazvo matambudziko aya kuti asaitike.
3. Kuora kwakanyanya padivi rekudzima: acidic condensate kubva kune chero mafuta inogadzirwa panzvimbo inochinja kupisa kana tembiricha yepasi iri pasi pedova remafuta chaiwo.Maboiler akagadzirirwa kuita condensing operation anoshandisa acid-resistant zvinhu zvakaita sestainless simbi nealuminium mumagetsi ekupisa uye akagadzirirwa kudhiza condensate.Maboiler asina kugadzirwa kuti aite condensing operation anoda magasi eflue kuti agare ari pamusoro pedova, saka condensation haizogadzirike zvachose kana kuti inobuda nekukurumidza mushure menguva pfupi yekudziya-up.Steam boilers haawanzo kudzivirirwa padambudziko iri sezvo achiwanzo shanda patembiricha iri pamusoro pedova.Kuunzwa kwemamiriro ekunze-sensitive discharge controls, kudzikira-tembiricha bhasikoro, uye nzira dzekuvhara-nguva dzehusiku zvakabatsira mukugadzirwa kwemvura inodziya inotsikirira boilers.Nehurombo, vashandisi vasinganzwisise zvinorehwa nekuwedzera aya maficha kune iripo yepamusoro tembiricha system vari kukanganisa akawanda echinyakare emvura inopisa boilers kutadza kwekutanga - chidzidzo chakadzidzwa.Vagadziri vanoshandisa midziyo yakadai sekusanganisa mavharuvhu uye kuparadzanisa pombi pamwe nekutonga mazano ekudzivirira yakakwira tembiricha boilers panguva yakaderera tembiricha system kushanda.Kuchengetedza kunofanirwa kutorwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti zvishandiso izvi zviri muhurongwa hwekushanda zvakanaka uye kuti zvidzoreso zvinogadziriswa nemazvo kudzivirira condensation kubva pakuumbwa mubhailer.Iri ndiro basa rekutanga remugadziri uye mumiriri wekutumira, rinoteverwa nechirongwa chekugadzirisa chenguva dzose.Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti yakaderera tembiricha zvinomisikidza uye maaramu anowanzo shandiswa nemidziyo yekudzivirira seinishuwarenzi.Vashandi vanofanirwa kudzidziswa maitiro ekudzivirira kukanganisa mukugadziriswa kweiyo control system inogona kukonzeresa izvi midziyo yekuchengetedza.
Iyo yakasvibiswa firebox heat exchanger inogona zvakare kutungamira mukuparadza kunoparadza.Zvinhu zvinosvibisa zvinobva kune zviviri chete: mafuta kana mhepo inopisa.Kungangove kusvibiswa kwemafuta, kunyanya mafuta emafuta neLPG, kunofanirwa kuongororwa, kunyangwe gasi rinowanikwa rakambokanganiswa.Mafuta "akaipa" ane sulfuri nezvimwe zvinosvibisa zviri pamusoro pezinga rinogamuchirwa.Zviyero zvemazuva ano zvakagadzirirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuchena kwemafuta ekupa, asi mafuta asina kukwana anogona kuramba achipinda mukamuri yekubikira.Mafuta acho pachawo akaoma kudzora nekuongorora, asi kugara uchiongorora moto wemisasa unogona kuratidza nyaya nekuisa zvinosvibisa kusati kwaitika kukuvara kwakanyanya.Izvi zvinosvibisa zvinogona kunge zvine acidic zvakanyanya uye zvinofanirwa kucheneswa uye kuburitswa kunze kwekupisa kupisa nekukurumidza kana zvaonekwa.Nguva dzose dzekutarisa dzinofanira kusimbiswa.Mutengesi wemafuta anofanira kubvunzwa.
Kusvibiswa kwemhepo kunopisa kunowanzoitika uye kunogona kuva nehasha.Kune akawanda anowanzo shandiswa makemikari anoumba yakasimba acidic makomisheni kana asanganiswa nemhepo, mafuta, uye kupisa kubva mukupisa.Mamwe makomisheni ane mukurumbira anosanganisira mhute kubva mumvura yakaoma yekuchenesa, pendi uye zvinobvisa pendi, akasiyana fluorocarbons, chlorine, nezvimwe.Kunyange kupera simba kunobva muzvinhu zvinoita sezvisingakuvadzi, zvakadai semunyu wokupfavisa mvura, zvinogona kukonzera zvinetso.Kuwanda kwemakemikari aya hakufanirwe kunge kwakakwira kuti kukonzere kukuvara, uye kuvepo kwavo kazhinji hakuonekwe pasina hunyanzvi hwekushandisa.Vagadziri vekuvaka vanofanirwa kuyedza kubvisa masosi emakemikari mukati nekutenderedza kamuri yekubikira, pamwe nezvinosvibisa zvinogona kuunzwa kubva kunze kwekunze kwemhepo inopisa.Makemikari asingafanirwe kuchengetwa mukamuri yekubikira, senge madhishi ekuchengetedza, anofanira kutamirwa kune imwe nzvimbo.
4. Thermal shock/load: Iyo dhizaini, zvinhu uye saizi yebhailer body inotaridza kuti bhairi rinonzwa sei kune thermal shock uye mutoro.Thermal stress inogona kutsanangurwa sekuenderera mberi kuchinjika kwechitsigiro chemidziyo panguva yekushanda kwekamuri yekupisa, kungave nekuda kwekusiyana kwetembiricha yekushanda kana shanduko yetembiricha yakakura panguva yekutanga kana kupora kubva mukumira.Muzviitiko zvese izvi, iyo boiler inopisa zvishoma nezvishoma kana kutonhora pasi, ichichengetedza mutsauko wekushisa wenguva dzose (delta T) pakati pekugovera uye mitsara yekudzoka yemudziyo wekumanikidza.Iyo bhailer yakagadzirirwa yakakura delta T uye hapafanirwe kuve nekukuvadzwa panguva yekudziya kana kutonhora kunze kwekunge kukosha uku kwapfuura.Iyo yakakwira Delta T kukosha ichaita kuti mudziyo wemidziyo ukotame kupfuura dhizaini paramita uye kuneta kwesimbi kunotanga kukuvadza zvinhu.Kuramba kushungurudzwa nekufamba kwenguva kunokonzera kutsemuka uye kuvuza.Mamwe matambudziko anogona kumuka nezvikamu zvakanamwa nemagaskets, izvo zvinogona kutanga kudonha kana kutodonha.Iyo bhailer inogadzira inofanirwa kuve neyakaomeswa yeiyo yakanyanya kubvumidzwa kukosha kweDelta T, ichipa mugadziri neruzivo rwunodiwa kuti ave nechokwadi chekuyerera kwemvura yakakwana nguva dzese.Mahombe emoto chubhu boilers anonyatso nzwisisa kune delta-T uye anofanirwa kudzorwa zvakasimba kudzivirira kusaenzana kuwedzera uye kusungirirwa kwegoko rakamanikidzwa, izvo zvinogona kukuvadza zvisimbiso pamapepa echubhu.Kuoma kwemamiriro acho kunobata zvakananga hupenyu hwehupi hwekupisa, asi kana mushandi ane nzira yekudzora Delta T, dambudziko rinogona kugadziriswa kazhinji kusati kwaitika kukanganisa kwakakomba.Zvakanakisa kugadzirisa iyo BAS kuitira kuti ibudise yambiro kana iyo yepamusoro Delta T kukosha yadarika.
Thermal shock idambudziko rakakura uye rinogona kuparadza zvinopisa kupisa ipapo ipapo.Nyaya dzakawanda dzinosuruvarisa dzinogona kutaurwa kubva pazuva rekutanga rekusimudzira iyo husiku simba rekuchengetedza system.Mamwe maboilers anochengetwa panzvimbo inopisa yekushanda panguva yekutonhora uku iyo system main control valve yakavharwa kuti ibvumidze chivakwa, zvese zvepombi dzemvura uye ma radiator kutonhora pasi.Panguva yakatarwa, vharuvhu yekudzora inovhura, ichibvumira tembiricha yemvura kuti idzorerwe mubhailer inopisa kwazvo.Mazhinji emabhailers aya haana kupona kuvhunduka kwekutanga kwekupisa.Vashandisi vakakurumidza kuona kuti dziviriro imwe cheteyo inoshandiswa kudzivirira condensation inogonawo kudzivirira kubva pakuvhundutsa kwemafuta kana ikabatwa nemazvo.Thermal shock haina chekuita nekupisa kwebhailer, inoitika kana tembiricha yachinja kamwe kamwe uye nekukasira.Mamwe maboilers anodonhedza anoshanda zvakabudirira pakupisa kwakanyanya, nepo antifreeze fluid inotenderera kuburikidza nekupisa kwavo kupisa.Kana inobvumirwa kupisa uye kutonhora pane inodzorwa tembiricha musiyano, boilers aya anogona kugovera zvakananga snowmelt masisitimu kana swimming pool kupisa exchangers pasina yepakati kusanganisa michina uye pasina mhedzisiro.Nekudaro, zvakakosha kuti uwane mvumo kubva kune yega boiler mugadziri usati waashandisa mumamiriro akanyanya kudaro.
Roy Kollver ane makore anopfuura makumi mana echiitiko muindasitiri yeHVAC.Anonyanya kuita hydropower, achitarisa pane boiler tekinoroji, kutonga gasi uye kupisa.Pamusoro pekunyora zvinyorwa uye kudzidzisa paHVAC zvine chekuita nemisoro, anoshanda mukutarisira kuvaka kumakambani einjiniya.
Nguva yekutumira: Jan-17-2023