Traditional hydraulic mitsetse inoshandisa single flared ends, inowanzo gadzirwa kune SAE-J525 kana ASTM-A513-T5 zviyero, izvo zvakaoma kuwana mudzimba.MaOEM anotsvaga vatengesi vepamba anogona kutsiva pombi yakagadzirwa kuSAE-J356A yakatarwa uye yakavharwa neO-ring face seals sezvakaratidzwa.Mutsara chaiwo wekugadzira.
Chiziviso cheMhariri: Chinyorwa ichi ndicho chekutanga mune maviri-zvikamu zvakatevedzana pamusika uye kugadzira kwemitsetse yekufambisa yemvura kune yakanyanya kudzvanywa maapplication.Chikamu chekutanga chinokurukura mamiriro edzimba uye kunze kwenyika zvigadzirwa zvezvakajairwa zvigadzirwa.Chikamu chechipiri chinokurukura nezvezvinhu zvishoma zvechinyakare zvigadzirwa zvakanangwa pamusika uyu.
Denda reCOVID-19 rakonzera shanduko isingatarisirwe mumaindasitiri mazhinji, kusanganisira simbi pombi yekugovera cheni uye maitiro ekugadzira pombi.Kubva mukupera kwa2019 kusvika parizvino, musika wepombi yesimbi wakaita shanduko huru mune zvese zvekugadzira uye zvekutakura zvinhu.Mubvunzo wainge wanonoka kupera waive pakati pekutariswa.
Iye zvino vashandi vakakosha kudarika kare.Denda iri idambudziko revanhu uye kukosha kwehutano kwachinja chiyero pakati pebasa, hupenyu hwemunhu uye kuzorora kune vazhinji, kana zvisiri zvese.Huwandu hwevashandi vane hunyanzvi hwadzikira nekuda kwekuenda pamudyandigere, kusakwanisa kwevamwe vashandi kudzokera kubasa ravo rekare kana kuwana basa idzva muindasitiri imwe chete, nezvimwe zvakawanda.Mumazuva ekutanga edenda, kushomeka kwevashandi kwainyanya kuwanda mumaindasitiri aivimba nemabasa epamberi, akadai sekurapa nekutengesa, nepo vashandi vekugadzira vaive pazororo kana nguva yavo yebasa yakaderedzwa zvakanyanya.Vagadziri parizvino vari kunetseka kuunganidza nekuchengetedza vashandi, kusanganisira vane ruzivo rwemapombi eplanta.Kugadzira pombi ibasa reblue-collar rinoda kushanda nesimba mumamiriro ekunze asingadzoreki.Pfeka zvekuwedzera zvekuzvidzivirira nazvo (senge masks) kudzikisira hutachiona uye nekutevera mimwe mitemo sekuchengetedza chinhambwe chemamita matanhatu.Linear chinhambwe kubva kune vamwe, ichiwedzera kushushikana kune basa rakatonetsa.
Kuwanikwa kwesimbi uye mutengo wesimbi mbishi zvinhu zvachinjawo panguva yedenda.Simbi ndiyo inonyanya kudhura chikamu chepombi dzakawanda.Kazhinji, simbi inotora 50% yemutengo pamutsara tsoka yepombi.Kubva pachikamu chechina cha2020, mutengo wepakati wemakore matatu wesimbi inotonhora yakatenderedzwa muUS yaive madhora mazana masere patani.Mitengo iri kupfuura nepamusoro pedenga uye imadhora mazana maviri nemakumi maviri patani pakupera kwa2021.
Zvinhu zviviri izvi chete ndizvo zvichachinja panguva yedenda, vatambi vari mumusika wepombi vanozoita sei?Shanduko idzi dzine chekuita nei papombi yekugovera cheni, uye nderipi zano rakanaka riripo kune indasitiri mudambudziko iri?
Makore apfuura, mumwe maneja ane ruzivo rwokuzviwanira mupombi akapfupikisa basa rekambani yake muindasitiri iyi: “Pano tinoita zvinhu zviviri: tinogadzira mapaipi uye tinoatengesa.”vazhinji vanosvibisa kukosha kwekambani kana dambudziko renguva pfupi (kana zvese izvi zvinoitika panguva imwe chete, zvinowanzoitika).
Zvakakosha kuwana nekuchengetedza kutonga nekutarisa pane izvo zvinonyanya kukosha: izvo zvinokanganisa kugadzirwa uye kutengeswa kwemhando yepombi.Kana kuedza kwekambani kusina kunangana nezviitiko zviviri izvi, inguva yekudzokera kune zvakakosha.
Sezvo denda richipararira, kudiwa kwemapombi mune mamwe maindasitiri kwadzikira kusvika pedyo ne zero.Mafekitari emotokari nemakambani mune mamwe maindasitiri aionekwa semadiki aive asina basa.Pane nguva apo vazhinji muindasitiri vaisagadzira kana kutengesa pombi.Musika wepombi unoramba uripo kumabhizinesi mashoma akakosha.
Sezvineiwo, vanhu vari kufunga nezve bhizinesi ravo.Vamwe vanhu vanotenga mamwe mafiriza kuitira kuchengetedza chikafu.Nguva pfupi yapfuura, musika wezvivakwa wakatanga kutora uye vanhu vaiwanzotenga mashoma kana akawanda midziyo mitsva kana vachitenga imba, saka maitiro ese ari maviri akatsigira kudiwa kwemapaipi madiki.Indasitiri yemidziyo yemumapurazi yave kutanga kumutsiridza, varidzi vakawanda vave kuda matirakita madiki kana michina yekuchekesa uswa ine zero steering.Musika wemotokari wakabva watangazve, zvisinei nekumhanya zvishoma nekuda kwekushomeka kwechip uye zvimwe zvinhu.
Mupunga.1. SAE-J525 uye ASTM-A519 zviyero zvinotangwa sezvinowanzotsiva SAE-J524 uye ASTM-A513T5.Musiyano mukuru ndewekuti SAE-J525 uye ASTM-A513T5 dzakaiswa welded pachinzvimbo chekusina musono.Kutenga matambudziko akadai semwedzi mitanhatu yekutungamira nguva kwakagadzira mikana yezvimwe zviviri zvigadzirwa zvetubula, SAE-J356 (inopihwa sechubhu yakatwasuka) uye SAE-J356A (inopihwa sekoiri), iyo inosangana nezvakawanda zvezvinodiwa zvakafanana nezvimwe.zvigadzirwa.
Musika wachinja, asi hutungamiriri hunoramba hwakafanana.Hapana chinhu chinonyanya kukosha kupfuura kutarisa pakugadzirwa uye kutengeswa kwepombi maererano nezvinodiwa nemusika.
Mubvunzo wekugadzira-kana-kutenga unomuka apo basa rekugadzira rinotarisana nepamusoro pemari yebasa uye yakagadziriswa kana kuderedzwa zviwanikwa zvemukati.
Kugadzirwa pakarepo mushure mekuputika kwezvigadzirwa zvepombi kunoda zvakakosha zviwanikwa.Zvichienderana nehuwandu uye kugadzirwa kwesimbi yesimbi, dzimwe nguva zvine hupfumi kutema mitsetse yakafara mukati.Nekudaro, tambo yemukati inogona kuremedza kupihwa zvinodiwa nevashandi, mari inodiwa yezvishandiso, uye mutengo webroadband inventory.
Kune rumwe rutivi, kucheka matani 2,000 pamwedzi uye kuchengetedza 5,000 matani esimbi kunotora mari yakawanda.Nekune rumwe rutivi, kutenga simbi yakachekwa-kusvika-yakafara pane imwe nguva-nguva-inoda mari shoma.Muchokwadi, zvichipihwa kuti mugadziri wepombi anogona kutaurirana nezvematanho echikwereti nemucheki, anogona kunyatso kumisa mutengo wemari.Chigayo chega chega chepombi chakasarudzika panyaya iyi, asi zvine njodzi kutaura kuti anenge ese anogadzira pombi akabatwa nedenda reCCIDID-19 maererano nekuwanikwa kwevashandi vane hunyanzvi, mutengo wesimbi uye kuyerera kwemari.
Izvo zvakafanana zvinoenda pakugadzirwa kwepombi pachayo, zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu.Makambani ane branched value cheni anogona kubuda mubhizinesi rekutonga.Panzvimbo pekugadzira tubing, wozokotama, kupeta, uye kugadzira mapfundo nemagungano, tenga tubing uye tarisa pane zvimwe zviitiko.
Makambani mazhinji anogadzira ma hydraulic components kana mota dzemvura pombi mabundle ane zvigayo zvavo zvepombi.Zvimwe zvezvirimwa izvi zvava zvikwereti kwete zvinhu.Vatengi munguva yedenda vanowanzo kutyaira zvishoma uye fungidziro dzekutengesa mota dziri kure ne pre-denda.Musika wemotokari unobatanidzwa nemazwi asina kunaka senge shutdowns, kudzika kwakadzika uye kushomeka.Kune vanogadzira auto uye vatengesi vavo, hapana chikonzero chekutarisira kuti mamiriro ekupa achachinja kuti ave nani munguva pfupi iri kutevera.Zvikuru, huwandu huri kuwedzera hwemotokari dzemagetsi mumusika uyu dzine mashoma esimbi tubing drivetrain zvikamu.
Gripping chubhu zvigayo zvinowanzoitwa kuhodha.Izvi zvakanakira maererano nechinangwa chavo - kugadzira mapaipi emamwe maapplication - asi kukanganisa maererano nehupfumi hwechiyero.Semuenzaniso, funga chigayo chepombi chakagadzirirwa kugadzira 10 mm OD zvigadzirwa zvechigadzirwa chemotokari chinozivikanwa.Iyo purogiramu inovimbisa zvigadziriso zvinoenderana nehuwandu.Gare gare, nzira duku zvikuru yakawedzerwa kune imwe chubhu ine dhayamita yekunze yakafanana.Nguva yakapfuura, chirongwa chepakutanga chakapera, uye kambani yakanga isina vhoriyamu yakakwana yekupembedza chirongwa chechipiri.Kuisa uye mamwe mari akanyanya kukwirisa kuti aite.Muchiitiko ichi, kana kambani ichikwanisa kuwana mutengesi anokwanisa, inofanira kuedza kupa kunze kwepurojekiti.
Ehe, masvomhu haamire pa cutoff point.Matanho ekupedzisa akadai sekupfeka, kucheka kusvika pakureba, uye kurongedza kunowedzera zvakanyanya kumutengo.Zvinowanzotaurwa kuti mari yakavanzika yakakura mukugadzirwa kwechubhu iri kubata.Kubvisa mapombi kubva pachigayo kuenda kudura uko anotorwa kubva mudura oiswa pafine slitting stand uyezve pombi dzinoiswa mumitsara yekudyisa pombi mucheki imwe neimwe - zvese izvi All matanho zvinoda vashandi Iyi mari yebasa haigone kutariswa neakaunzi, asi inozviratidza muchimiro chevamwe vashandi veforklift kana vamwe vashandi mudhipatimendi rekutumira.
Mupunga.2. Mushonga wemakemikari weSAE-J525 uye SAE-J356A inenge yakafanana, iyo inobatsira iyo yekupedzisira kutsiva yekare.
Mapombi eHydraulic ave aripo kwezviuru zvemakore.Makore anopfuura 4 000 apfuura, vaIjipiti vaigadzira waya yemhangura.Mapaipi e bamboo akashandiswa muChina munguva yeXia Dynasty kunosvika 2000 BC.Gare gare masisitimu epombi emvura eRoma akavakwa pachishandiswa mapaipi emutobvu, aibva pakunyungudutsa sirivha.
isina musono.Mapaipi esimbi emazuva ano asina musono akatanga kuNorth America muna 1890. Kubva 1890 kusvika nhasi, mbishimbi yeiyi nzira ibhillet yakasimba.Zvitsva mukuenderera mberi kwekukanda mabheti muma1950s zvakakonzera kushandurwa kwemachubhu asina musono kubva kune simbi ingots kuenda kune yakachipa simbi mbishi zvinhu zvenguva iyoyo - cast billets.Mapombi eHydraulic, ekare neazvino, anogadzirwa kubva kune isina musono, inodhonzwa nechando.Yakarongedzerwa kumusika wekuNorth America seSAE-J524 neSosaiti yeMotokari Injiniya uye ASTM-A519 neAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
Kugadzirwa kwemapombi asina musono ehydraulic kazhinji ibasa rinonyanya kushanda, kunyanya kune mapaipi madiki dhayamita.Zvinoda simba rakawanda uye zvinoda nzvimbo yakawanda.
welding.Muma1970 musika wakachinja.Mushure mekutonga musika wepombi yesimbi kweanoda kusvika zana, musika wepombi isina musono wadzikira.Yakanga yakazara nepombi dzakasungwa, dzakaratidza kuva dzakakodzera kushandiswa kwemichina yakawanda mumisika yekuvaka uye yemotokari.Inototora nharaunda mune yaimbova Mecca - nyika yemafuta uye gasi mapaipi.
Zvitsva zviviri zvakakonzera shanduko iyi pamusika.Imwe inosanganisira kuenderera mberi kukandwa kwema slabs, ayo anobvumira zvigayo zvesimbi kuti zvinyatso gadzira-yepamusoro mhando flat strip.Chimwe chinhu chinoita kuti HF kuramba welding ive inoshanda kune iyo indasitiri yepombi.Mhedzisiro yacho chigadzirwa chitsva: pombi yakashongedzwa ine maitiro akafanana seamless, asi pamutengo wakaderera pane zvakafanana zvigadzirwa zvisina musono.Iyi pombi ichiri mukugadzirwa nhasi uye yakarongerwa SAE-J525 kana ASTM-A513-T5 mumusika wekuNorth America.Sezvo iyo chubhu yakadhirowewa uye yakanyungudutswa, chinhu chine simba chigadzirwa.Aya maitiro haasi ekushanda uye mari yakawanda semaitiro asina musono, asi mari inobatanidzwa navo ichiri yakakwirira.
Kubva kuma1990 kusvika parizvino, mapaipi mazhinji e hydraulic anodyiwa mumusika wepamba, angave asina musono akadhonzwa (SAE-J524) kana welded drawn (SAE-J525), anotengeswa kunze kwenyika.Izvi zvingangove zvakakonzerwa nekusiyana kukuru mumutengo wevashandi nesimbi pakati peUS nenyika dzinotumira kunze.Kwemakore makumi matatu kusvika makumi mana apfuura, zvigadzirwa izvi zvave zviripo kubva kuvagadziri vepamba, asi havana kumbobvira vakwanisa kuzvisimbisa semutambi ane mukurumbira mumusika uyu.Mutengo unodiwa wezvigadzirwa zvinobva kunze kwenyika imhinganidzo yakakomba.
musika wazvino.Kushandiswa kwechigadzirwa chisina musono, chakadhonzwa uye chakavharwa J524 chakadzikira zvishoma nezvishoma nekufamba kwemakore.Ichiri kuwanikwa uye ine nzvimbo mumusika we hydraulic line, asi maOEMs anowanzo kusarudza J525 kana yakasungwa, yakadhirowa uye yakavharwa J525 inowanikwa nyore.
Denda rakarova uye musika wakachinja zvakare.Kupihwa kwepasi rose kwevashandi, simbi uye kutakura zvinhu kuri kuderera pamwero wakafanana nekuderera kwekudiwa kwemotokari kwataurwa pamusoro apa.Izvo zvinoshandawo kune kupihwa kwekunze J525 hydraulic oiri pombi.Nekuda kwezvinhu izvi, musika wepasi unoratidzika kunge wakagadzirira imwe shanduko yemusika.Yagadzirira here kugadzira chimwe chigadzirwa chisinganyanyi kushanda zvakanyanya kupfuura welding, dhizaini uye annealing pombi?Imwe iripo, kunyangwe isingawanzo kushandiswa.Iyi ndiyo SAE-J356A, iyo inosangana nezvinodiwa zveakawanda hydraulic systems (ona fig. 1).
Madimikira akaburitswa neSAE anowanzo kuve mapfupi uye akapusa, sezvo imwe neimwe yakatarwa inotsanangura imwe chete tubing yekugadzira maitiro.Izvo zvakaderera ndezvekuti iyo J525 uye J356A dzakafanana zvakanyanya maererano nehukuru, michina zvivakwa, uye rumwe ruzivo, saka iwo specs anogona kuvhiringa.Uye zvakare, iyo J356A spiral chigadzirwa chediki dhayamita hydraulic mitsara inosiyana yeJ356, uye iyo yakatwasuka pombi inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzirwa kwehombe dhayamita hydraulic pombi.
Mufananidzo 3. Kunyange zvazvo mapombi akaiswa uye anotonhora anodhonzwa achionekwa nevakawanda seakakwirira kune akakwenenzverwa uye anotonhora akakungurutswa pombi, mashandiro emagetsi ezvigadzirwa zviviri zvetubula zvinofananidzwa.CHERECHEDZA.Imperial values kuPSI yakapfava yakashandurwa kubva kune yakatarwa ayo ari metric kukosha kuenda kuMPa.
Mamwe mainjiniya anoona iyo J525 seyakanakisa kune yakanyanya kudzvanywa hydraulic application senge inorema michina.J356A haina kunyanya kuzivikanwa asi inoshandawo kune yakakwira pressure fluid bearings.Dzimwe nguva zvinodiwa zvekupedzisa zvinosiyana: J525 haina ID bead, nepo J356A ichifambiswazve uye ine diki ID bead.
Iyo yakasvibiswa ine zvinhu zvakafanana (ona mufananidzo 2).Misiyano midiki mukugadzirwa kwemakemikari inopindirana neinodiwa ma mechanical properties.Kuti uwane mamwe ma mechanic properties senge tensile simba kana yekupedzisira tensile simba (UTS), iyo kemikari kuumbwa kana kupisa kupisa kwesimbi kunogumira kuwana chaiyo mhedzisiro.
Aya marudzi emapombi anogovera seti yakafanana yezvakajairwa zvemichina, zvichiita kuti zvishandurwe mune akawanda maapplication (ona Mufananidzo 3).Nemamwe mashoko, kana imwe ikashaikwa, imwe yacho ingangove yakakwana.Hapana munhu anofanirwa kudzoreredza vhiri, iyo indasitiri yatove ine yakasimba, yakaenzana seti yemavhiri.
Tube & Pipe Journal yakatangwa muna 1990 seyekutanga magazini yakatsaurirwa kuindasitiri yesimbi pombi.Kusvika nhasi, inoramba iri iyo yega indasitiri yakadhindwa muNorth America uye yave yakavimbika sosi yeruzivo kune nyanzvi dzemachubhu.
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Chikamu chechipiri chezvikamu zvedu zviviri zvakatevedzana naRay Ripple, Texan simbi muimbi uye welder, anoenderera mberi ...
Nguva yekutumira: Jan-05-2023